「2013牛津共識」全文 Full Text of the Oxford Consensus 2013

紐約時報-八月，中國宗教第六屆年度論壇「當代中國的基督教信仰和思潮」在牛津大學舉行。代表不同意識形態背景的中國學者承諾他們要攜手為中國和世界所面臨的挑戰而努力。 以下是他們關於這份承諾所簽訂的「2013牛津共識」的中英文版本。 《紐約時報》記者Ian Johnson與其中一位參與者楊鳳崗的問答在此。楊鳳崗是中國關於宗教社會學研究的先驅。 關於中國現狀與未來的若干共識 在中國崛起的大背景下，中國的世界觀與世界的中國觀正在改變。與此同時，中國的社會問題也變得日益突出。中國將走向哪裡？會給未來的世界帶來什麼樣的變化？已經成為中國和世界上越來越多的人迫切關心的問題。 我們這些具有自由主義、新左翼、新儒家和基督教研究等不同學術或思想背景的中國學人，都熱愛中國這片土地，都忠於我們的人民。我們珍視知識分子發揮社會反思與守望的功能，希望在今天中國與世界變化發展的重要關頭，發揚這個群體歷來所富有的道德情懷和理性精神，以文化和觀念的力量推動國家和社會向上向善的演進。 我們承認，面對中國和世界的大變局，任何一家一派的社會思想都是有局限的，一個可愛亦可信的未來社會藍圖需要大家共同努力才能完成，因此，知識分子都應該在尊重不同觀點的基礎上進行真誠交流、互相砥礪，由此形成關於中國當前和未來發展所亟需的思想共識。 我們通過認真的討論交流，在幾個方面達成如下共識： 1、我們希望中國堅持「以民為本」的治國理念，即以人民的認可為權力的來源，以人民的權利為制度的基礎，以人民的福祉為國家的目標。 2、我們希望中國堅持「公平正義」的社會原則，即在政治、經濟、社會、文化、民族與性別各領域，在立法、司法和行政諸環節，在教育、醫療、居住、工作、休息和養老等方面，都以公平對待所有中國公民、實現社會生活正義作為基本原則，使全體人民的生活不僅有物質的保障，而且有精神的尊嚴。 3、我們希望中國在傳承優秀文化的同時，堅持多元而自由的文化目標，以群己關係的合理平衡為前提，以公平正義的法治為原則，保障各民族、各階層、各地區、各職業群體、各社會團體以及所有個體多種多樣的價值追求、思想旨趣、學術傾 向、藝術風格、宗教信仰和言論主張等等，和而不同，都有和平共存的環境，都有自由發展的機會。 4、我們希望中國致力於建設更公平、正義的國際秩序，以相互依存、互利共贏原 則處理涉及政治、經濟、文化、軍事、環境等方面的國際糾紛，既有利於全體中國人民也有利於全人類，促進世界各國各族的和平共處與和諧發展，最終達致天下太平。 2013年8月22日 In August, at the Sixth Annual Forum for Chinese Theology on “Christian Faith and Ideological Trends in Contemporary China,” held at Oxford University, Chinese scholars representing a wide range of ideological backgrounds committed themselves to work together to address challenges facing China and the world. Below is a copy of their signed statement of that commitment, the “Oxford Consensus 2013,” in English and Chinese. Ian Johnson’s Q. & A. with one of the participants, Yang Fenggang, a pioneer in the study of the sociology of religion in China, is posted here. Some Consensuses Concerning the Present Situation and Future of China As China is rising up, the Chinese view of the world and the world’s view of China are changing. In the meantime, social problems in China have become increasingly conspicuous. What is the direction of China? What kind of change will China bring to the future of the world? These have become questions of urgent concern by more and more people both in China and the rest of the world. We are a group of Chinese intellectuals with diverse academic and ideological backgrounds in the new liberal, new left, new Confucian, and Christian traditions who love the holy land of China and are faithful to our people. We treasure intellectuals’ responsibilities as critics and sentinels of society. We hope, in this critically important time of change in China and the rest of the world today, to carry forward the moral character and rational spirit bestowed to intellectuals by our history. We will mobilize the power and resources in culture and ideas to spur our nation and the society on to a higher and better level. We recognize that, to face the great transformations of China and the world, every single school or party of social thought has its limitations and we must work together to complete the drawing of the credible blueprint of a loving and trusting future society. Therefore, we intellectuals must engage in honest exchange and sharpen each other on the basis of respecting genuine differences, so that we will reach the urgently needed consensuses on the present and future development of China. Through a process of sincere discussion and careful deliberation, we have reached consensuses in these aspects: 1. We hope that China will firmly hold to the governing philosophy of “the people as fundamental,” that is, the political power comes from the consent of the people, the foundation of the political system is to protect the rights of the people, and the aim of the state is for the pursuit of happiness of the people. 2. We hope that China will firmly hold to the social principle of “fairness and justice” in social life, that is, insisting on the basic principle of treating all Chinese citizens equally and maintaining justice in the domains of politics, economics, society, culture, ethnicity, and gender; in all processes of legislation, judiciary and administration; and in the areas of education, healthcare, housing, work, recreation, care of the old, etc., so that all people’s life will have material security and spiritual dignity. 3. We hope that China will firmly hold to the cultural goal of pluralism and liberalism while inheriting and transmitting the excellent Chinese culture. On the precondition of reasonable balance of collectivity and individuality, in the principle of fairness and justice based on rule of law, we hope that China will protect the diverse pursuits of every ethnic group, every social stratum, every region, every vocational group, every community, and every individual in their moral values, ideational interests, academic inclinations, arts styles, religious beliefs, opinions and views, etc. On the principle of harmony with difference, all will peacefully coexist and have opportunities for free development. 4. We hope that China will be committed to constructing a fairer and more just world order, treat international disputes in politics, economy, culture, military, environment, etc. on the principles of mutual dependence and mutual benefits, so that it will serve the interest of all Chinese people as well as the whole of humanity, promote peaceful coexistence and harmonious development for all nations in the world, and to achieve the great peace under heaven for all. On 22 August 2013