Job authority spells depression for women: study 研究：工作權威讓女性憂鬱

Women in authority appear to be more vulnerable to depression than their male counterparts, a study by sociologists in the United States said.

女人掌權時，似乎會比男性同僚對憂鬱更無力招架，美國社會學家所做的一份研究說。

Researchers looked into 1,500 middle-aged women from Wisconsin and compared their workplace experiences with 1,300 men in the same age bracket from the same US state.

研究人員觀察1500名來自威斯康辛州的中年婦女，並將她們的職場經驗與1300名來自同一州的同年齡層男性相比較。

They found that women with job authority -- the ability to hire, fire and influence pay -- exhibited significantly more symptoms of depression than those who did not.

他們發現，在職場握有權勢的女性，也就是有能力僱用、解僱與影響薪資者，憂鬱症狀顯著多於未掌權者。

"In contrast, men with job authority have fewer symptoms of depression than men without such power," said University of Texas sociology professor Tetyana Pudrovska, who led the study.

「相較之下，在職場掌權的男性，憂鬱症狀少於沒有這類權力的男性。」主持這項研究的德州大學社會學教授普德夫斯卡說。

The difference might be due to women with authority in the workplace being judged negatively when acting with confidence and assertiveness, prompting chronic stress, Pudrovska said.

之所以會有這種差異，或許是因為在職場掌權的女性，展現自信與咄咄逼人時會遭到負面評斷，長期下來導致壓力，普德夫斯卡說。

新聞辭典

spell：動詞，招致。例句：The new regulations could spell disaster for small businesses.（新規定對小企業來說可能意謂災難。）

bracket：名詞，類別、等級。例句：Her pay rise brought her into a new tax bracket.（她的薪水漲了，繳稅時也會進入新的級距。）

assertiveness：名詞，果敢、斷定。形容詞為assertive。例句：If you really want the promotion, you’ll have to be more assertive.（如果你真的想升職，就要更果敢地說出來。）